Universities often evaluate applicants for admission on the basis of, among other things, the applicants' scores on standardized tests. The scores are thus one of the criteria by which program judge the Quality of their applicants. However, although two programs may use the same criterion ?scores on a specific standardized examination ?to evaluate applicants, the programs may differ markedly on standards. One program may consider applicants acceptable if they have scores above the 50th percentile, whereas the score above the 90th percentile may be the standard of acceptability for the other program.

This example clearly defines the difference between:

A. Sources and structure

B. Criteria and standards

C. Processes and outcomes

D. Efficacy and equity

Measurement of variation in health care and its application to quality improvement must begin with the

identification and articulation of:

(Choose two.)

A. What is to be measured?

B. Assignable variation

C. The standard against which is to be compared a process based on extensive research, trial and error and collaborative discussion

D. Understanding true variation versus artifact or statistical error

Overproduction, Inventory, Repairs/rejects, Motion, Processing, Waiting, Transport. These are the types of _____________ identified by Taiichi Ohno.

A. Waste (activities that do not add value to the process)

B. Continuous improvement

C. Quality controls

D. Areas to be focused during production

Quality improvement approaches are derivatives and models of the ideas and theories developed by thought leaders and include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. PDCA/PDSA

B. ISO 2001

C. Baldrige criteria

D. Associate for process improvements

You decided to interview ten patients in your emergency room on a given day and drew conclusions about your emergency services from these people. You have taken limited data and made a huge jump in logic.

This jump is known as:

A. Stereotyping

B. Over-generalization

C. Ecological fallacy

D. Quota sampling

The theory behind SPC (Statistical Process Control) is straightforward. It requires a change in thinking from error detection to error prevention.

The use of SPC in healthcare has a number of benefits excluding:

A. Increased quality awareness on the part of healthcare organizations and practitioners

B. Increased focus on patients

C. The ability to base decisions on database

D. Moderation is processes that result in lengthening the outcomes having better quality care

The comparison chart interpretation will result in one of the following scenarios, regardless of the type of measure EXCEPT:

A. No outliner: Actual performance is within the expected range

B. Favorable outliner: Actual performance is better than the expected performance

C. Unfavorable outliner: Actual performance is worse than the expected performance

D. Incomplete data: Data cannot be analyzed because of complexity

Which of the following is the relationship between clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction?

Besides measuring morbidity and mortality, this management takes into account the quality of healthcare received from the patient's perspective.

A. Benchmarking

B. Clinical pathways

C. Outcome measures

D. Outcome management

Collecting patient __________ data also is becoming a standard evaluation measure in the education and certification of medical, nursing, and allied health students.

A. Ratings of satisfaction

B. CMS

C. Experience-of-data

D. Report

An alternative to a walk-through is a similar technique called ___________. A staff member asks permission to accompany a patient through the visit and take notes on patients' experience.

A. Patient graphing

B. Patient shadowing

C. Patient profiling

D. Patient counselling